Niba uri ikintu nkatwe hano kuri Ijwi na Vision, utegerezanyije amatsiko ibiruhuko birebire-weekend.Nkimpano yacu kuri wewe, turashaka kubohereza hamwe nibintu bishimishije bya Noheri.Nyamuneka ndakwinginze ubikoreshe kubiganiro bitangiza ibiganiro mugiterane cyawe.(Urahawe ikaze).
INKOMOKO ZA NOHELI
Inkomoko ya Noheri ikomoka ku mico ya gipagani n'Abaroma.Mu byukuri Abanyaroma bizihije iminsi mikuru ibiri mukwezi k'Ukuboza.Iya mbere yari Saturnalia, wari umunsi mukuru wibyumweru bibiri wubaha imana yabo yubuhinzi Saturn.Ku ya 25 Ukuboza, bizihije ivuka rya Mithra, imana yabo y'izuba.Ibirori byombi byari ibirori bidasanzwe, byasinze.
Mu Kuboza, aho umunsi wijimye cyane wumwaka uguye, imico yabapagani yacanye umuriro na buji kugirango umwijima utagaragara.Abanyaroma nabo binjije uwo muco mubirori byabo.
Igihe Ubukristo bwakwirakwira mu Burayi, abayobozi b'amadini b'Abakristo ntibashoboye guhagarika imigenzo n'imigenzo ya gipagani.Kubera ko nta muntu n'umwe wari uzi itariki Yesu yavukiyeho, bahinduye imihango ya gipagani mu kwizihiza isabukuru y'amavuko.
IMITI YA NOHELI
Mu rwego rwo kwizihiza izuba ryinshi, imico ya gipagani yarimbishije amazu yabo icyatsi kibisi bategereje ko impeshyi izaza.Ibiti byatsi byose byakomeje kuba icyatsi muminsi ikonje kandi yijimye, kuburyo batekerezaga ko ifite imbaraga zidasanzwe.Abanyaroma kandi barimbishije insengero zabo ibiti by'ibiti mugihe cya Saturnalia kandi babishushanyaho ibyuma.Hariho n'inyandiko z'Abagereki bashushanya ibiti bubaha imana zabo.Igishimishije, ibiti byambere byazanwe mumazu yabapagani byamanitswe hejuru yinzu, hejuru.
Imigenzo y'ibiti tumenyereye muri iki gihe ikomoka mu Burayi bw'Amajyaruguru, aho ubwoko bw'abapagani b'Abadage batatse ibiti by'icyatsi kibisi basenga imana Woden hamwe na buji n'imbuto zumye.Uyu muco washyizwe mu myizerere ya gikristo mu Budage mu myaka ya za 1500.Barimbishije ibiti mu ngo zabo bakaryoshye, amatara, n'ibikinisho.
SANTA CLAUS
Ahumekewe na Mutagatifu Nicholas, uyu muco wa Noheri ufite imizi ya gikristo, aho kuba iy'abapagani.Yavukiye mu majyepfo ya Turukiya ahagana mu 280, yari umwepiskopi mu itorero rya gikristo rya mbere kandi yaratotejwe kandi arafungwa azira ukwemera kwe.Akomoka mu muryango ukize, yari azwiho kugira ubuntu ku bakene kandi badafite uburenganzira.Imigani imukikije ni myinshi, ariko icyamamare ni uburyo yakijije abakobwa batatu kugurishwa mu bucakara.Nta nkwano yo kureshya umugabo ngo abashyingire, ubwo rero bwari bwo bwa nyuma se.Bivugwa ko Mutagatifu Nicholas yajugunye zahabu mu idirishya rifunguye mu rugo, bityo akabakiza iherezo ryabo.Umugani uvuga ko zahabu yaguye mu isogisi yumishijwe n'umuriro, bityo abana batangira kumanika imigozi ku muriro wabo bizeye ko Mutagatifu Nicholas yabajugunya impano.
Mu rwego rwo kubahiriza urupfu rwe, ku ya 6 Ukuboza hatangajwe umunsi wa Mutagatifu Nicholas.Uko ibihe byagiye bisimburana, buri muco w’iburayi wahinduye verisiyo ya Mutagatifu Nicholas.Mu mico y'Abasuwisi n'Abadage, Christkind cyangwa Kris Kringle (umwana wa Kristo) baherekeje Mutagatifu Nicholas kugeza impano ku bana bitwaye neza.Jultomten yari elf yishimye atanga impano akoresheje akaboko gakururwa n'ihene muri Suwede.Noneho habaye Noheri mu Bwongereza na Pere Noel mu Bufaransa.Mu Buholandi, Ububiligi, Luxembourg, Lorraine, Ubufaransa, ndetse no mu bice by'Ubudage, yari azwi ku izina rya Sinter Klaas.(Klaas, kubwinyandiko, ni verisiyo ngufi yizina Nicholas).Aha niho Santa Claus wabanyamerika aturuka.
NOHELI MURI AMERIKA
Noheri muri Amerika yo hambere yari umufuka uvanze.Benshi bafite imyizerere ya Puritani babujije Noheri kubera inkomoko yabapagani hamwe nuburyo bubi bwibirori.Abandi bimukira baturutse i Burayi bakomeje imigenzo y'amavuko yabo.Abadage bazanye Sinter Klaas nabo i New York mu myaka ya 1600.Abadage bazanye imigenzo yabo y'ibiti mu myaka ya 1700.Buri wese yizihizaga inzira ye mumiryango yabo.
Mu ntangiriro ya 1800 ni bwo Noheri y'Abanyamerika yatangiye gushingwa.Washington Irving yanditse urukurikirane rw'inkuru z'umutunzi w'icyongereza ukize utumira abakozi be gusangira nawe.Irving yakunze igitekerezo cyabantu b'ingeri zose n'imibereho yabo bahurira muminsi mikuru.Rero, yavuze umugani wibutsa imigenzo ya Noheri ya kera yari yatakaye ariko igarurwa na nyir'ubutaka ukize.Binyuze mu nkuru ya Irving, igitekerezo cyatangiye gufata mumitima yabanyamerika.
Mu 1822, Clement Clark Moore yanditse Konti y'uruzinduko rwa Mutagatifu Nicholas ku bakobwa be.Ubu izwi cyane nka Ijoro Mbere ya Noheri.Muri bwo, igitekerezo kigezweho cya Santa Claus nkumuntu usetsa uguruka mu kirere ku kibero.Nyuma, mu 1881, umuhanzi Thomas Nast yahawe akazi ko gushushanya Santa kugirango yamamaze Coke-a-Cola.Yashizeho Santa rot rot hamwe numugore witwa Madamu Claus, akikijwe na elve y'abakozi.Nyuma yibi, ishusho ya Santa nkumuntu wishimye, wabyibushye, ufite ubwanwa bwera yambaye ikositimu itukura yinjiye mumico yabanyamerika.
UMUNSI MUKURU W'IGIHUGU
Nyuma y'intambara y'abenegihugu, igihugu cyashakishaga uburyo bwo kureba itandukaniro ryahise no guhuzwa nk'igihugu.Mu 1870, Perezida Ulysses S. Grant yatangaje ko ari umunsi mukuru.Mugihe imigenzo ya Noheri yagiye ihura nigihe, ndatekereza ko icyifuzo cya Washington Irving cyubumwe mubirori bikomeza.Byahindutse igihe cyumwaka aho twifuriza abandi neza, gutanga impano mubikorwa dukunda, no gutanga impano numutima wishimye.
NOHELI NZIZA N'UMUNSI MUKURU
Noneho, aho ushobora kuba hose, n'imigenzo iyo ari yo yose ukurikiza, tubifurije kwizihiza Noheri nziza no kwizihiza iminsi mikuru!
Ibikoresho:
• https://learningenglish.voanews.com/a/amateka- ya- Noheri / 2566272.html
• https://www.nrf.com/amakuru
• https://www.whychristmas.com/abakiriya/ibiti.shtml
• http://www.religioustolerance.org/xmas_tree.htm
• https://www.livescience.com/25779- Noheri-traditions-amateka-pagani.html
• http://www.stnicholascenter.org/page/ninde-ni-st-nicholas/
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-24-2022
